Polishing stainless steel technical understanding Affordable custom products

Effect of different hardness on polishing process

To avoid scratches and burns on the workpiece surface, special care must be taken when polishing stainless steel with 200 and 500 grit sandpaper. Therefore, a light load is needed and a two-step polishing method is used to polish the surface.

When polishing with each type of sandpaper, you should polish twice along two different directions, and each time rotate between the two directions 45 degrees to 90 degrees.

Because mechanical polishing is mainly done manually, polishing technology is still the main reason affecting the quality of stainless steel polishing.

In addition, it is also related to the mold material, surface condition before polishing, and heat treatment process.

Product quality depends on processing skills

High quality steel is a prerequisite for good polishing quality. If the surface hardness of the steel is uneven or has differences in properties, polishing difficulties will often occur.

Various impurities and voids in steel are not conducive to polishing. Increased hardness increases grinding difficulty, but roughness after polishing decreases.

As hardness increases, so does the polishing time required to achieve lower roughness. At the same time, the hardness increases and the possibility of over-polishing is also reduced.

Influence of the surface condition of the workpiece on the polishing process

During the grinding process of steel cutting machining, the surface layer will be destroyed due to heat, internal stress or other factors, and inappropriate cutting parameters will affect the polishing effect.

The surface after EDM is more difficult to grind than the surface after conventional machining or heat treatment, therefore, before finishing EDM, it needs to be ground with precision EDM, otherwise the surface will form a hard thin layer.

If the EDM fine-tuning rules are not selected properly, the depth of the heat-affected layer can be up to 0.4mm. The hardness of the hardened thin layer is higher than the base layer and must be removed.

Therefore, it is best to add a coarse grinding process to completely remove the damaged surface layers to form a rough uniform metal surface, providing a good base for polishing.

Polishing chemicals

Polishing chemicals are microscopic protruding parts of the surface of a material in a chemical environment.

The concave part dissolves preferentially, resulting in a smooth surface. The main advantage of this method is that it does not require complicated equipment, can polish workpieces with complex shapes, can polish many workpieces at the same time, and is highly efficient.

The core problem of chemical polishing is preparing the polishing solution. Surface roughness obtained by chemical polishing is typically several 10 μm.

Three, electrolytic polishing

The basic principle of electrolytic polishing is the same as chemical polishing, which is to selectively dissolve tiny protrusions on the surface of the material to make the surface smooth.

Compared with chemical polishing, the effect of cathode reaction can be eliminated, and the effect is better. The electropolishing process is divided into two steps:

Macroequilibrium: dissolution products diffuse into the electrolyte, and the geometric roughness of the material surface decreases, Ralμm. (2) Low light balance: anode polarization, improve surface brightness, Ralμm.

Fourth, polish with ultrasonic waves

Put the workpiece into the abrasive suspension and put them together in the ultrasonic field, based on the vibration of ultrasonic waves, the abrasive is ground and polished on the surface of the workpiece.

Ultrasonic machining has small macroscopic forces and will not cause workpiece deformation, but it is difficult to manufacture and install tools. Ultrasonic treatment can be combined with chemical or electrochemical methods.

On the basis of corrosion and electrolysis of the solution, ultrasonic vibration is applied to stir the solution, so that the dissolved products on the surface of the workpiece are separated, and the corrosion or electrolyte near the surface is copper. best.

The cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves in liquids can also inhibit corrosion and facilitate surface brightening.

Fifth, polish

Polishing fluids are based on high-speed flowing fluids and carried abrasive particles; The surface of the workpiece is polished with a brush in the middle.

Commonly used methods are: mill machining, liquid jet machining, hydrodynamic milling, etc.

The hydrodynamic grinding process is driven by hydraulic pressure to make the liquid medium carrying abrasive particles flow back and forth across the surface of the workpiece at high speed.

The medium is mainly made of special compounds (polymer-like substances) that flow well under lower pressure and mixed with abrasives to create salts. Abrasives can be made of silicon carbide powder.

Abrasive polishing

Magnetic Magnetic abrasive polishing uses magnetic abrasive particles to form a grinding brush under the effect of a magnetic field to grind the workpiece. This method has high processing efficiency, good quality, easy to control processing conditions and good working conditions. Using suitable abrasives, surface roughness can reach Ra0.1μm.

The polishing mentioned in plastic mold processing is very different from the surface polishing in other industries. To be more precise, mold polishing should be called mirror machining.

It not only has high requirements for polishing but also has high standards for surface flatness, smoothness and geometric accuracy. Plus mirror.

Workmanship standards are divided into four levels

A4 = Ra0.063μm. It is difficult to precisely control the geometrical accuracy of parts due to methods such as the above. However, the surface quality of chemical polishing, ultrasonic polishing, magnetic abrasion and other methods is not satisfactory, so precision mold mirror processing is still mainly mechanical polishing. gas.

Gloss A0 = Ra0.008μm, A1 = Ra0.01μm, A3 = Ra0.032μm

The content of the previous part 1 of this article is about stainless steel polishing processing in Ho Chi Minh City .
Part of the article's content is about part 2 of cheap stainless steel polishing .

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